Enlarged prostate (BPH): what to watch for and what to do

Got urinary trouble and wondering if an enlarged prostate is the cause? Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) — commonly called enlarged prostate — is a common reason men over 50 get weak urine flow, urgency, or wake to pee at night. This page focuses on clear, practical steps: how to spot symptoms, what tests your doctor may use, and real treatment and self-care options.

Symptoms and common tests

Typical signs are: a weak or interrupted stream, feeling that your bladder isn’t empty, sudden urges to urinate, getting up several times at night, or dribbling after you finish. Blood in the urine or burning while peeing can mean other issues—talk to a doctor if you see those.

Doctors usually start with a medical history and a digital rectal exam (DRE) to feel the prostate. They may also order a urine test to rule out infection, a PSA blood test to check prostate-specific antigen, and sometimes an ultrasound or flow test to measure urine speed. These tests help decide if you need medication, a procedure, or just watchful waiting.

Treatment options and simple self-care

If symptoms are mild, many men try lifestyle changes first. Try cutting caffeine and alcohol, timing fluids (drink more earlier in the day and less before bed), double voiding (urinate, wait a minute, try again), and pelvic floor exercises to improve control. Avoid cold and allergy medicines that contain decongestants or certain antihistamines—they can make urine problems worse.

Medications are common. Alpha blockers (like tamsulosin) relax the prostate and bladder neck so urine flows easier. They often work fast but can cause dizziness or changes in ejaculation. 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors (like finasteride) shrink the prostate over months and help long-term, but they can affect libido or cause erectile issues in some men. Your doctor can explain risks and benefits.

For moderate to severe cases, procedures may be needed. Traditional options include TURP (transurethral resection of the prostate), which removes excess tissue. Newer, less invasive choices include UroLift (tiny implants that hold the prostate open) and Rezūm (steam treatment). These often have quicker recovery and different side-effect profiles—ask your specialist which fits your priorities.

Know when to seek immediate care: sudden inability to pee (acute urinary retention), severe pain, fever, or heavy bleeding from the urinary tract. Those need urgent attention.

Managing BPH is about matching symptoms to the right tool—lifestyle steps, meds, or a procedure. Talk openly with your doctor about what matters most to you: quick relief, preserving sexual function, or avoiding surgery. Small changes often help a lot, and plenty of treatment choices exist if you need them.